T.V and Children essays

T.V and Children articles From what I've encountered from hours before this controlling box, I have learned next to no contrasted with genuine encounters. Be that as it may, what else could be simpler than to unwind on a decent delicate sofa, and press a catch? The TV business has gotten consideration from all of us. From the study hall, the home and the work environment, the broadcast business has us right where they need us. We follow through on the significant expenses month to month. TV viewing is a need in the vast majority's live. Accessible to every one of the, a link arrange for the individuals. For what reason do individuals lounge around and watch this? Not all TV programs are awful. Instructive shows are discovered day by day on numerous channels at my home. The issue to many is suitable TV for the youngsters. When a youngster has been to a companion's home, the person has doubtlessly played outside, played with toys, hued an image, and sat in front of the TV. Digital TV, with its wide assortment o f channel themes, has changed the manner in which kids and grown-ups live their lives. Where as in the past, years prior, TV was not accessible to all like it is today. Americans would understand books and papers and tune in to the radio. Living in another millenium, individuals of this nation are ruined with innovation. The TV is the main piece that Americans own. There are seven TVs in my home at present. There are five individuals living in my home. I don't have the foggiest idea what to state. A more established sibling getting back home with younger siblings watching his show makes no different sentiments yet maybe frustration and appall. The TV is not really controlled; along these lines numerous impacts started to empty upon society and circuit into the moderate procedure of progress which brought about the attributes of our current day society. The TV took America from a composed and uniform country, changing it into a to some degree chaos of blended considerations, various mentalities 5 and new understandings. The measurements on TV in the normal Americans' life is stunning, yet convincing. To share jus... <!

Understanding Research With Children And Young People

Questions: 1.1 Explain why successful correspondence is significant in creating constructive associations with youngsters, youngsters and grown-ups 1.2 Explain the standards of relationship working with youngsters, youngsters and grown-ups 1.3 Explain how extraordinary social, proficient and social settings may influence connections and the manner in which individuals convey 2.1 Explain the abilities expected to speak with youngsters and youngsters 2.2 Explain how to adjust correspondence with kids and youngsters for: a) the age of the kid or youngster 2.2 Explain how to adjust correspondence with kids and youngsters for: b) the setting of the correspondence 2.2 Explain how to adjust correspondence with kids and youngsters for: c) Communication contrasts 2.3 Explain the primary contrasts between speaking with grown-ups and speaking with youngsters and youngsters 2.4 Explain how to adjust correspondence to meet distinctive correspondence needs of grown-ups 2.5 Explain how to oversee conflicts with kids, youngsters and grown-ups 3.1 Summarize the primary concerns of enactment and methods covering classification, information assurance and the revelation of data 3.2 Explain the significance of consoling youngsters, youngsters and grown-ups of the classification of shared data and the constraints of this 3.3 Justify the sorts of circumstance when classification conventions must be penetrated. Answers: 1.1 Explain why compelling correspondence is significant in creating constructive associations with youngsters, youngsters and grown-ups. Viable correspondence is basic to creating examples of constructive associations with individuals of shifted age gatherings. The upgrade of correspondence between individuals expands their self-divulgence that correspondingly prompts the setup of positive inspiration and expectation among the people (Guerrero, et al., 2014, pp. 131-132). This upgrade of self-exposure happens bit by bit with predictable correspondence as confirm by social entrance hypothesis (Croucher, 2016, p. 54). The advancement of relational connections between people fundamentally relies upon the examples of their direction with one another. This direction stays shallow at the underlying phase of correspondence; nonetheless, the exploratory period of social entrance comes into the image as and when people casually share additional data about themselves just as their families. Besides, stable exchange of data between youthful people and youngsters brings about the advancement of sound connections through open corr espondence. Proof based research writing advocates the conflict ascribing to the upgrade of psychosocial capability of little youngsters with the improvement of positive connections through compelling correspondence (Walton Goddard, 2012, p. 140). This further prompts the improvement of their prosperity and social turn of events. The advancement of positive associations with kids especially requires the affirmation of their musings, recognitions, emotions, conflicts and thoughts while regarding their sentiments with a positive methodology. Be that as it may, significant level of non-verbal and verbal relational abilities required for viably understanding the point of view of individuals of various age bunches with regards to arranging positive associations with them over the network condition. 1.2 Explain the standards of relationship working with youngsters, youngsters and grown-ups. Standards of relationship building warrant the compelling incorporation of youthful people and kids in different research exercises while giving them chances to communicate their perspectives and ends on different cultural issues (Clark, et al., 2014, pp. 70-72). The acknowledgment of outward appearances, non-verbal communication and individual motions brings about accomplishing understanding with respect to the implicit affirmations (of kids and youthful people) that encourage the procedure of the improvement of trust and compassion prompting the foundation of sound psychosocial connections. The assessment of the groups of kids and grown-ups helps in productively following their social condition and versatility limit with regards to helping the powerless people tested with the troublesome familial conditions (DeBell, 2016, p. 124). This people group help brings about the improvement of dynamic associations with the youthful people over the network condition. Treatment of people with deference and respect while assessing their desires helps in adequately captivating them in different learning forms that proportionally brings about the improvement of trust with adolescents and grown-ups (Edmond Price, 2012, pp. 146-149). This foundation of trust fills in as a structure hinder in designing long haul associations with the people. Besides, the association of cultural occasions and social exercises and drawing in the youths and grown-ups in these happenings persuades them towards achieving self-improvement that resultantly prompts the foundation of productive associations with these people. 1.3 Explain how extraordinary social, proficient and social settings may influence connections and the manner in which individuals impart. Proof based research writing advocates the discoveries crediting to the impact of conduct and social examples among people of different age bunches in the degree of their relational connections (Mikami, et al., 2010). Moreover, the impact of the commitment of youthful grown-ups with the person to person communication destinations impacts their relational connections with regards to cross-situational coherence. The positive impact of strong remarks by different friend bunches through long range informal communication improves the relationship designs between people over the network condition. The calling of people shows constructive and contrary effects on the correspondence designs and relational connections between the people. The people of different age gatherings while cooperating build up the examples of even and correlative correspondence at work environment. This outcomes in the expansion of help between individuals; be that as it may, the distinctions in singular qualities, di sputes and convictions among people then again end up being the greatest blocks in building up sound connections for a more drawn out residency (Dainton Zelley, 2015, p. 70). Besides, the social impacts on the estimations of people obviously influence their passionate control that equally drives their correspondence procedure prompting variety in relational connections (Mauss Butler, 2010). Research discoveries expound the dispute crediting to the variety in want of people in looking for proficient help (for achieving individual necessities) with regards to their psychosocial and social contrasts (Mojaverian, et al., 2013). This distinction in the conduct mentalities of individuals considered as an immediate capacity of socially initiated examples of relational connections between the people. 2.1 Explain the aptitudes expected to speak with kids and youngsters. Creating compelling examples of correspondence with kids and youthful people requires the obtaining of expert mentality and style for building up sound associations with them over the network condition. The acknowledgment of words articulated by kids helps in understanding their sentiments and contemplations while assessing their observations during the correspondence procedure (Glasper, et al., 2015, p. 61). The uneasiness and defensive disposition of kids requires a comprehension with regards to creating dynamic associations with them through the procedure of correspondence. The venture of significant time with kids profoundly required for understanding their conditions and assessing the effect of natural impacts on their conduct and advancement. Keeping in touch with damaged youngsters and usage of non-verbal correspondence style helps in building up a restorative relationship with them over the network condition. The association of different play exercises for youngsters encourag es the expansion in their thoughtfulness regarding the correspondence procedure prompting their psychosocial and social improvement. The use of representative, visual and socially important correspondence directs aids psychological upgrade of youngsters and youthful people (Ross, 2011, p. 47). These viable correspondence channels use the exercises crediting to expressions and specialty, composing, verse, pretends, polls and PC games for successfully captivating with the adolescents for a reliably longer residency. 2.2 Explain how to adjust correspondence with youngsters and youngsters for: a) The age of the youngster or youngster Commencement and foundation of viable correspondence designs with kids and adolescents require defeating the age obstruction while changing the line of correspondence for achieving the attractive results. Unexpressed reactions of youngsters crediting to empathy, nauseate, outrage, trouble, sadness, help and stun require significant following through verbal and non-verbal correspondence for relieving the sentiment of disregard and antagonism over the network condition (Winter, 2011, p. 47). The act of physical contact and giving consolation to the more youthful people starts the sentiment of wellbeing inside them as they keep on speaking with their companions and friends. Moreover, usage of diversion and examples of undivided attention during correspondence with the youths of different age bunches helps in building up their trust and certainty that lead to their psychosocial improvement (Dunhill, et al., 2009). Collaboration with preschool youngsters through the narrating action rouse s them conside

The Rejection of Desiree’s Baby A Historical Analysis - 550 Words

The Rejection of Desiree's Baby: A Historical Analysis (Research Paper Sample) Content: The Rejection of Desirees Baby: A Historical Analysis The lives of individuals are influenced to a wide degree by the society they live in. This has happened since time immemorial. Different norms and values have played a role in influencing the mind-set of people, and have affected the lives of individuals throughout history. The short story Desirees Baby is a classic example of a representation of a world where societal values influence the lives of the majority. This paper will cover a historical analysis of Desirees baby in line with how the societal values at the time frame the story is set in led to the rejection of the baby.Furthermore, I have divided the paper into 7 sections to show the different factors that influenced the outcome. The first section provides a background of the short story Desirees Baby. The second section covers the views of the society at the time the story took place, and how they influenced the characters. In the third section, I discuss the issue of racism in the story, and further follow with a fourth section describing the idea of shame in relation to race. The fifth section explains how the different genders were viewed in society at that time and how this also played a major part in the rejection of Desirees baby. In the sixth section, I discuss how the technique of foreshadowing is used in the story to prepare the reader for the inevitable outcome. I conclude with a seventh section that explains the importance of the racism theme in the story, and how it shaped the outcome in relation to the baby. Desirees Baby Desirees Baby, a short story written by Kate Chopin, revolves around two individuals whose love is disintegrated by race and the values of the society. The setting of the story is in Creole Louisiana. This was in the period between the Civil and Revolutionary Wars. Slavery was a widely accepted practice in Louisiana, and slave owners profited economically from the product of slave labor (Jewett 124). Wealthy plantation owners who were only whites at the time, used to own African slaves who also served as a measure of wealth (Jewett 124). A large fraction of them were known to be cruel to the slaves. During that period, it was not uncommon for people to mistreat slaves, and the planter elite retained much control over their slaves, regardless of the law (Jewett 130). The general notion was that blacks were inferior compared to the whites.The SocietyDuring the era of slavery, the general consensus was that whites were superior to their black slaves to the extent that they were perceived to have power that will change the blacks slave status to free status. Moreover, the free blacks were not legally regarded as being equal to free whites. Interracial mixing was forbidden to the extent that the state police could use their power to criminalize and prohibit interracial marriages. During the Pre Civil-War period, the Miscegenation in Creolewas characterized by detest of interracial s exual relations and interracial marriage; miscegenation laws acted as a practice of dictatorship as they were policing the racial borders of white supremacy (Pascoe 86). Miscegenation was looked down upon to the extent that it was forbidden. During those times, it was a powerful belief that interracial marriages were naturally intolerable.The society shunned such acts and people embraced the widespread ideology. Acting against the society by opting to have any relations that were deemed inappropriate was resented. It tainted the name of an individual and the family of the person. Many people avoided such relations due to pressure from the society. According to the narrator, Armand no longer felt strong affection towards Desiree because of the unconscious injury she had brought to his name and his home. In turn he rejected her and their baby. The fact that he rejected her simply because he thought that she was of mixed heritage indicates that he put race before love. When Armand fin ds out about the babys heritage, his feelings are expressed as no longer loved her, because of the unconscious injury she had brought upon his home and name(Chopin 424). Their relationship was dealt a blow simply by the thought that she was of mixed racial ancestry.RacismArmand Aubigny, one of the main characters of the story, inherited his fathersplantation, which was known as LAbri. He falls in love with Desiree and both decide to take up residence at the plantation. Armand shared the sentiments of many American men of the south during the mid-nineteenth century (Heuman 44). He based a persons worth on the race of the individual. He believed that whites were superior and he did not respect slaves. He was a strict master who ruled with an iron fist. The implication, very spirit of Satan seemed suddenly to take hold of him in his dealings with the slaves (Chopin ), shows how devilish and inhuman manner he treated his slaves.According to him, having a child of mixed racial ancestr y was unbearable. When it came to his attention that his child had mixed blood, his life shattered before him. Everything changed and the love that he had for his wife and son evaporated. He had even become more compassionate and composed after his child was born. His behavior changed and became a better man. This was reflected by the way he started treating the slaves. He stopped punishing his slaves after the baby was born. However, after discovering the truth he went back to his old ways. He again became cruel and sullen. He could not bear being married to someone with mixed heritage and raising a child with Negro blood, a common thinking among slave owners who believed in the inferiority of persons of African descent (Haggart 64). These factors prompted him to chase away his wife and son from LAbri. He even went to the extent of burning their household items and clothing in a bid to erase their memory completely. Armand was confident that his lineage and race were superior. Afte r realizing that his son was of mixed heritage, he felt that he was being punished. He thought that God was being harsh on him simply because he had a son who was not pure.Another thing that should be noted, Desiree herself knew the repercussions of having a child of mixed heritage. Her reaction to the discovery of her childs skin color and the conversations that follow shows that she knew that the outcome would be catastrophic. She knows that the issue is significant based on the societies attitude towards skin color. She knows that it is not possible for them to continue with the relationship as a result of the shame that having a child of mixed heritage would bring Armand and his family name. She is aware that things will change and even asks Armand if she should leave.ShameAs soon as the truth came to light, both Armand and Desiree felt ashamed. Armands attitude towards the baby changed. He no longer wanted to be associated with him and forced Desiree to leave the home when he r eplied, yes, I want you to go to her agony (Chopin 424). He believed that Desiree was the one who had mixed blood, especially at a time where white people were so deeply invested in supremacy, that the mere charge that a person might be Black was considered humiliating (Pascoe 113). He felt that since she was the one who must have been of mixed ancestry the problem was hers and in turn he did not want anything to do with her or the baby. Slave owners based their judgments on skin color; they actually thought white skin was a sign of superiority. GenderDuring the 19th century, there was a huge disparity between the roles of women and men in society, gender differences that stood at the heart of nineteenth-century marriage (Pascoe 22). Men were considered the breadwinners and women were submissive to them. Men and women were not regarded as equal in the society. According to an article by Dan Shen published in the academic journal Poetics Today, the state of being black and female is much more devastating than that of being black and male.All over the story, Chopin focuses on gender roles. Desiree became socially accepted when Armand gave her his name. Her stature was raised. The man provided legitimacy and validation for a woman and in turn she became accepted in society, an "unequal relationship between DeÃÅ' sireÃÅ' e as a woman and Armand as representing masculinist oppression" (Shen 289). The unequal relationship is oppression against women. In Desirees knowledge, skin color and truth about the baby would bring shame to his name, because children born of these unions were defined as slaves (Pascoe 25). With this is mind, she did not only ask him to leave because she was ashamed but als...

Early Inventors and Innovators of Electricity

The history of electricity begins with William Gilbert (1544–1603), a physician and natural scientist who served Queen Elizabeth the first of England. Before Gilbert, all that was known about electricity and magnetism was that a lodestone (magnetite) possessed magnetic properties and that rubbing amber and jet would attract bits of various materials to start sticking. In 1600, Gilbert published his treatise De magnete, Magneticisique Corporibus (On the Magnet). Printed in scholarly Latin, the book explained years of Gilberts research and experiments on electricity and magnetism. Gilbert raised the interest in the new science greatly. It was Gilbert who coined the expression electrica in his famous book. Early Inventors Inspired and educated by Gilbert, several Europeans inventors, including Otto von Guericke (1602–1686) of Germany, Charles Francois Du Fay (1698–1739) of France, and Stephen Gray (1666–1736) of England expanded the knowledge. Otto von Guericke was the first to prove that a vacuum could exist. Creating a vacuum was essential for all kinds of further research into electronics. In 1660, von Guericke invented the machine that produced static electricity; this was the first electric generator. In 1729, Stephen Gray discovered the principle of the conduction of electricity and, in 1733, Charles Francois du Fay discovered that electricity comes in two forms which he called resinous (-) and vitreous (), now called negative and positive. The Leyden Jar The Leyden jar was the original capacitor, a device that stores and releases an electrical charge. (At that time electricity was considered the mysterious fluid or force.) The Leyden jar was invented in 1745 nearly simultaneously in Holland by academic Pieter van Musschenbroek (1692–1761) In 1745 and in Germany by German clergyman and scientist, Ewald Christian Von Kleist (1715–1759). When Von Kleist first touched his Leyden jar he received a powerful shock that knocked him to the floor. The Leyden jar was named after Musschenbroeks hometown and university Leyden, by the French scientist and cleric Jean-Antoine Nollet (1700–1770). The jar was also called the Kleistian jar after Von Kleist, but this name did not stick. Ben Franklin, Henry Cavendish, and Luigi Galvani U.S. founding father Ben Franklins (1705–1790) important discovery was that electricity and lightning were one and the same. Franklins lightning rod was the first practical application of electricity. atural philosopher Henry Cavendish of England, Coulomb of France, and Luigi Galvani of Italy made scientific contributions towards finding practical uses for electricity. In 1747, British philosopher Henry Cavendish (1731–1810) started measuring the conductivity (the ability to carry an electrical current) of different materials and published his results. French military engineer Charles-Augustin de Coulomb (1736–1806) discovered in 1779 what would later be named Coulombs Law, which described the electrostatic force of attraction and repulsion. And in 1786, Italian physician Luigi Galvani (1737–1798) demonstrated what we now understand to be the electrical basis of nerve impulses. Galvani famously made frog muscles twitch by jolting them with a spark from an electrostatic machine. Following the work of Cavendish and Galvani came a group of important scientists and inventors, including Alessandro Volta (1745–1827) of Italy, Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted (1777–1851), French physicist Andre-Marie Ampere (1775–1836), Georg Ohm (1789–1854) of Germany, Michael Faraday (1791–1867) of England, and Joseph Henry (1797–1878) of the U.S. Work With Magnets Joseph Henry was a researcher in the field of electricity whose work inspired many inventors. Henrys first discovery was that the power of a magnet could be immensely strengthened by winding it with insulated wire. He was the first person to make a magnet that could lift 3,500 pounds of weight. Henry showed the difference between quantity magnets composed of short lengths of wire connected in parallel and excited by a few large cells, and intensity magnets wound with a single long wire and excited by a battery composed of cells in series. This was an original discovery, greatly increasing both the immediate usefulness of the magnet and its possibilities for future experiments. The Oriental Impostor Suspended Michael Faraday,  William Sturgeon (1783–1850), and other inventors were quick to recognize the value of Henrys discoveries. Sturgeon magnanimously said, Professor Joseph Henry has been enabled to produce a magnetic force which totally eclipses every other in the whole annals of  magnetism, and  no parallel is to be found since the miraculous suspension of the celebrated Oriental impostor in his iron coffin. That commonly used phrase is a reference to an obscure story bantered about by these European scientists about Muhammad (571–632 CE), the founder of Islam. That tale was not about Muhammad  at all, in fact, but rather a tale told by Pliny the Elder (23–70 CE) about a coffin in Alexandria, Egypt. According to Pliny, the Temple of Serapis in Alexandria had been built with powerful lodestones, so powerful that the iron coffin of Cleopatras younger sister Arsinoà « IV (68–41 BCE) was said to have been suspended in the air. Joseph Henry also discovered the phenomena of  self-induction  and mutual induction. In his experiment, a current sent through a wire in the second story of the building induced currents through a similar wire in the cellar two floors below. Telegraph The telegraph was an early invention that communicated messages at a distance over a wire using electricity that was later replaced by the telephone. The word telegraphy comes from the Greek words  tele  which means far away and  grapho  which means write. The first attempts to send signals by electricity (telegraph) had been made many times before  Henry  became interested in the problem.  William Sturgeons  invention of the electromagnet encouraged researchers in England to experiment with the electromagnet. The experiments failed and only produced a current  that weakened after a few hundred feet. The Basis for the Electric Telegraph However, Henry strung a mile of fine wire, placed an intensity  battery  at one end, and made the armature strike a bell at the other. In this experiment, Joseph Henry discovered the essential mechanics behind the electric telegraph. This discovery was made in 1831, a full year before  Samuel Morse  (1791–1872) invented the telegraph. There is no controversy as to who invented the first telegraph machine. That was Morses achievement, but the discovery which motivated and allowed Morse to invent the telegraph was Joseph Henrys achievement. In Henrys own words: This was the first discovery of the fact that a galvanic current could be transmitted to a great distance with so little a diminution of force as to produce mechanical effects, and of the means by which the transmission could be accomplished. I saw that the electric telegraph was now practicable. I had not in mind any particular form of telegraph, but referred only to the general fact that it was now demonstrated that a galvanic current could be transmitted to great distances, with sufficient power to produce mechanical effects adequate to the desired object. Magnetic Engine Henry next turned to designing a magnetic engine and succeeded in making a reciprocating bar motor, on which he installed the first automatic pole changer, or commutator, ever used with an electric battery. He did not succeed in producing direct rotary motion. His bar oscillated like the walking beam of a steamboat. Electric Cars Thomas Davenport (1802–1851), a blacksmith from Brandon, Vermont, built a road-worthy  electric car  in 1835. Twelve years later U.S. electrical engineer Moses Farmer (1820–1893) exhibited an electric-driven locomotive. In 1851, Massachusetts inventor Charles Grafton Page (1712–1868) drove an electric car on the tracks of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from Washington to Bladensburg, at the rate of nineteen miles an hour. However, the cost of batteries was too great at the time and the use of the electric motor in transportation not yet practical. Electric Generators The principle behind the dynamo or electric generator was discovered by  Michael Faraday  and  Joseph Henry  but the process of its development into a practical power generator consumed many years. Without a dynamo for the generation of power, the development of the electric motor was at a standstill, and electricity could not be widely used for transportation, manufacturing, or lighting like it is used for today. Street Lights   The arc light as a practical illuminating device was invented in 1878 by Ohio engineer Charles Brush (1849–1929). Others had attacked the problem of electric lighting, but a lack of suitable carbons stood in the way of their success. Brush made several lamps light in series from one dynamo. The first Brush lights were used for street illumination in Cleveland, Ohio. Other inventors improved the arc light, but there were drawbacks. For outdoor lighting and for large halls arc lights worked well, but arc lights could not be used in small rooms. Besides, they were in series, that is, the current passed through every lamp in turn, and an accident to one threw the whole series out of action. The whole problem of indoor lighting was to be solved by one of Americas most famous inventors: Thomas Alva Edison (1847–1931). Thomas Edison Stock Ticker The first of Edisons multitudinous inventions with electricity was an automatic vote recorder, for which he received a patent in 1868, but was unable to arouse any interest in the device. Then he invented a stock ticker, and started a ticker service in Boston with 30 or 40 subscribers and operated from a room over the Gold Exchange. This machine Edison attempted to sell in New York, but he returned to Boston without having succeeded. He then invented a duplex telegraph by which two messages might be sent simultaneously, but at a  test, the machine failed because of the stupidity of the assistant. In 1869, Edison was on the spot when the telegraph failed at the Gold Indicator Company, a concern furnishing Stock Exchange gold prices to its subscribers. That led to his appointment as superintendent, but when a change in the ownership of the company threw him out of the position he formed, with  Franklin L. Pope, the partnership of Pope, Edison, and Company, the first firm of electrical engineers in the United States. Improved Stock Ticker, Lamps, and Dynamos Not long afterward Thomas Edison released the invention which started him on the road to success. This was the improved stock ticker, and the Gold and Stock Telegraph Company paid him $40,000 for it. Thomas Edison immediately set up a shop in Newark. He improved the system of automatic telegraphy that was in use at that time and introduced it into England. He experimented with submarine cables and worked out a system of quadruplex telegraphy by which one wire was made to do the work of four. These two inventions were bought by  Jay Gould, owner of the Atlantic and Pacific Telegraph Company. Gould paid $30,000  for the quadruplex system but refused to pay for the automatic telegraph. Gould had bought the Western Union, his only competition. When Gould got the Western Union, said Edison, I knew no further progress in telegraphy was possible, and I went into other lines. Menlo Park Edison resumed his work for the Western Union Telegraph Company, where he invented a carbon transmitter and sold it to the Western Union for $100,000. On the strength of that, Edison set up laboratories and factories at  Menlo Park, New Jersey, in 1876, and it was there that he invented the  phonograph, patented in 1878, and began a series of experiments which produced his  incandescent lamp. Thomas Edison was dedicated to producing an  electric lamp for indoor use. His first research was for a durable filament which would burn in a vacuum. A series of experiments with a platinum wire and various refractory metals had unsatisfactory results, as did many other substances, including human hair. Edison concluded that carbon of some sort was the solution rather than a metal—English inventor Joseph Swan (1828–1914), had came to the same conclusion in 1850. In October 1879, after fourteen months of hard work and the expenditure of $40,000, a carbonized cotton thread sealed in one of Edisons globes was tested and lasted forty hours. If it will burn forty hours now, said Edison, I know I can make it burn a hundred. And so he did. A better filament was needed. Edison found it in carbonized strips of bamboo. Edison Dynamo Edison also developed his own type of  dynamo, the largest ever made up to that time. Along with the Edison incandescent lamps, it was one of the wonders of the Paris Electrical Exposition of 1881. Installation in Europe and America of plants for electrical service soon followed. Edisons first great central station, supplying power for three thousand lamps, was erected at Holborn Viaduct, London, in 1882, and in September of that year the Pearl Street Station in New York City, the first central station in America, was put into operation. Sources and Further Reading Beauchamp, Kenneth G. History of Telegraphy. Stevenage UK: Institute of Engineering and Technology, 2001.Brittain, J.E. Turning Points in American Electrical History. New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Press, 1977.  Klein, Maury. The Power Makers: Steam, Electricity, and the Men Who Invented Modern America. New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2008.  Shectman, Jonathan. Groundbreaking Scientific Experiments, Inventions, and Discoveries of the 18th Century. Greenwood Press, 2003.

Managing Behaviour in a Learning Environment Essay

Managing and Responding to Behaviours in a Learning Environment Task 1 – The Context of Behaviour Issues i. Describe and discuss the aspects of national legislation which have relevance to behaviour in the learning environment. (300 words) There are a number of legislative acts that impact on the learning environment and cater for both learners and staff in any institution. The following Acts: Special Educational Needs and Disability Act (2001); Race Relations Act (1976) and Race Relations (Amendment) Act (2000); Racial and Religious Hatred Act (2006) and the Equality Act (2006) essentially set out that there should be no discrimination against any person on the grounds of race, sex, disability, sexual orientation, religion†¦show more content†¦All the policies can be accessed by tutors through the service website. Recently the service published a handbook for tutors aimed at supporting the induction process. Whilst it clearly sets out the roles and responsibilities of the tutor it does not mention any of the policies and procedures that have been drawn up by the service and how they can be accessed. Learners should receive a copy of the student charter when they begin a course and depending on the tutor they either receive a copy of the WAES class rules or work as a group to establish the rules for their own particular class. The handbook does talk about punctuality and attendance. It states that, â€Å"WAES, the SFA and Ofsted all expect a commitment to attendance and punctuality from our learners.† (WAES, 2010:14) It suggests that tutors firstly find out why a student may be arriving late or attending poorly, which shows an awareness that our students are adult learners and often have other commitments. However, recently tutors were reminded that it is their legal responsibility to complete the register on-line within the first 15 minutes of the class starting due to Health and Safety guidelines. Clearly this can create a possible tension; on the one hand the tutor is asked to be understanding of aShow MoreRelatedManaging Behaviours in the Learning Environment1570 Words   |  7 PagesUnit 9 – Managing behaviours in the learning environment 1. Identify a range of behaviours that you have encountered when delivering learning in different learning situations. Provide an analysis of the impact of those behaviours on others and yourself, with particular reference to the impact of learning. Making reference to relevant reading, review factors which may influence the behaviours that you have identified. 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This includes promoting good behaviour and programmes of reward and recognition, as well as dealing effectively withRead MoreManaging and Responding to Behaviours in a Learning Environment3327 Words   |  14 PagesMANAGING BEHAVIOURS IN THE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT TETA : 1029 TASK 1 Case Study IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING BEHAVIOUR Case Brief The case I would like to address in this assignment is based on one of my 2009/2010 NC classes in the afternoon. Despite the initial group discussion on expected behaviour, this group was demonstrating a whole host of disruptive behaviours. This group also included a special needs student, who was being supported by a Learning Support Assistant, whom I assumed hadRead MoreThe Effects Of Self Efficacy On Behavior Management Strategies ( Giallo Little 2003 )1269 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment and parenting made them believe that had little or no control and this contributed to them having a lower sense of self-efficacy in behaviour management strategies (Giallo Little 2003). Pearce (2009) did a study on what it means to be an inclusive teacher, they found that in relation to behaviour management and disabilities, inclusive teachers accept responsibility for all class members and have a continuing goal to improve their behaviour management skills. Being aware that a disabilityRead MoreMaintaining A View Of All Pupils At Any Given Time1031 Words   |  5 PagesMaintaining a view of all pupils at any given time can be difficult for a class teacher, especially when deciding on seating arrangements for different tasks, as the seating plans must be appropriate to enhance learning but also allow for a good view of all the children to ensure good behaviour management. Wheldall and Lam (1987) suggest that children are better seated in rows than in groups as this allows for the teacher to have a good view of the entire class and the pupils have less opportunity toRead MoreBehavior Management Within A Classroom824 Words   |  4 PagesChallenging inappropriate behaviour posed by children nowadays is one of the most daunting issued faced by teachers. Few matters affect teachers more directly and persistently than managing classroom behaviour (Jim Docking, 2000). Being able to manage a classroom I found is one of the most fundamental as pects in being able to teach today. Through this critique I will investigate the different studies relating to behaviour management within a classroom, looking pacifically at several behavioural issuesRead MorePsychology and Young People Essay1551 Words   |  7 PagesName________________________ Assessment Plan 304 Promote children and young people’s positive behaviour Evidence requirements | Complete() | 1.Signed completed assessment plan (in plastic wallet) | | 2.Review of City and Guilds | | 3.Discussion with Assessor | | 4.Completed assessment form | | 5.Reflective journal | | 6.Checklist signed and completed | | Assessment plan issued date by: | Assessor:Learner: | Date: | | Assessment plan submission plan agreed by: | Assessor:Learner:Read MoreThe Role Of The Teacher s Managing Behavior With Reference Too, Teacher Pupil Relationships And The Way They878 Words   |  4 PagesBehaviour stems from children actions and decisions, adults use discipline to help children make appropriate decisions about their behaviour (Hayes, 2009). This assignment aims to focus on the role of the teacher in managing behaviour with reference too, teacher-pupil relationships and the way they impact both positively and negatively on individual children, learning through reinforcement/rewards and how they influence children to behave in a particular way, rules and structure in order for childrenRead MoreManaging Challenging Behaviors Within Classroom Management976 Words   |  4 PagesManaging challenging behaviours in our classroom continues to be as one of the most challenging problems in education today. Conte (1994, p.308) mentioned, If teachers, administrators, parents, and students acknowledge that the lack of discipline is a serious concern and interferes with the teaching-learning process, one would think that steps would be taken to remedy the problem.† Today s classrooms are more complicated than in the past. Discipline is now known as classroom behaviour managementRead MoreStudy of Organizational Behavior and the Effective Management of People948 Words   |  4 Pagesthese factors. Like all modernist social sciences, organizational studies seek to control, predict, and explain. Management - is the act of managing a group of people, as in getting people together to accomplish the businesses goals and/or objectives; this includes, planning, organizing, leading and directing a team of people, resources, etc So in managing people, you want to be as effective and efficient as possible in order to reach your desired goal/objective. To be efficient and effective

Analysis of the Actions of Macbeth and Doctor Faustus free essay sample

Many scholars have debated whether the actions of Macbeth and Doctor Faustus in Shakespeare’s and Marlowe’s plays come from the characters themselves or whether they were following a predetermined fate. In the play The Tragedy of Macbeth, written by William Shakespeare, each character’s destiny, or fate, seems to be predetermined by the supernatural and unpreventable by any actions meant to stop it from occurring. The concept of fate is a large component in many Aristotelian Tragedies, such as Macbeth. However, in the tragedy, The Tragicall History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus (commonly referred to as just Doctor Faustus), written by Christopher Marlowe, Faustus’s actions show a theme of free-will repeated throughout the play. His actions lead him to live a life that many envied, but to die a death without repentance that none desired. Throughout the Renaissance, due to the greater access to knowledge, new emphasis was added to the role of the individual’s free will while less emphasis was placed upon the divine. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of the Actions of Macbeth and Doctor Faustus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Christopher Marlowe’s work, Doctor Faustus, demonstrates this new trend in free will as Faustus made his own choices which determined his terrible fate. As a result, the active role of God was limited in the play while the Devil’s presence was emphasized through the will and ambition of Doctor Faustus (Engberg). Because of his self-reliance, God’s influence decreased in the mind of Faustus, who wished to gain power through knowledge, not theology. Consequentially, the acts of God dwindled to the point where they were virtually nonexistent throughout Doctor Faustus. According to Engberg, Faustus is â€Å"flagrantly disobedient, disrespectful and unloving toward God. † However, even though Mephistopheles wishes to bring Faustus’s soul to Lucifer, he still is completely honest to Faustus and does not attempt to trick him; he even attempts to dissuade him from making the deal that will put him in hell for eternity. Mephistopheles tells Faustus of the misfortunes of hell by stating: Why, this is Hell, nor am I out of it. Thinkst thou that I, who saw the face of God And tasted the eternal joys of heaven, Am not tormented with ten thousand Hells In being deprived of everlasting bliss? (3. 76-80) In fact, the aspect of the story where Faustus chose to trade away his immortal soul to the devil shows Faustus’s free will. In essence, it is a statement about the freedom of choice. In that moment when he cut open his arm to condemn himself to an eternity in hell, he made a personal decision about the future of his life. He, Doctor Faustus, controlled his own soul. He had the free will to choose to live his life as he pleased and to die as he pleased. Throughout the whole play, Faustus is torn between the wish to repent and save himself from his eternity in purgatory and the wish to keep following Lucifer and have earthly power. He shows his indecision and his eventual acceptation of his choice to be dammed by stating: Now, Faustus, must thou needs be damned? And canst thou not be saved? What boots it then to think on God or heaven? Away with such vain fancies and despair, Despair in God and trust in Beelzebub. Now go not backward. No, Faustus, be resolute. Why waverest thou? Oh, something soundeth in mine ears

Rising power, anxious state

There are all indications to show that China is poised to become the world’s largest economy in the next few years. All this withstanding, the country is under threat to continue with this economic success because of various reasons.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Rising power, anxious state specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Resistance to reforms and the recent resurgence are some of the reasons that are bringing up an anxious state. Emotions are running high in the country on the perceived authoritarianism that has been gaining prominence as time goes by (The Economist 5). This was well captured by the prime minster who argued that socialism enhances decision making thereby making it possible for resources to accomplish big undertakings that touch on every citizen’s life. As much as the global power is shifting considerably in China’s favor, it has not done well at home as far as the mood of the minorities is concerned. The country has become an object of worry because of various reasons and these are aspects that need to be looked at. Chinese diplomats have been treating their counterparts with a lot of condescension and this is because of the perceived dominance of the communist party. The party should approve everything and these are some of the issues that have led to an anxious state though a rising power. The country’s leaders are always nervous and this can be explained from their increased spending on domestic security (The Economist 6). It should be known that the police have been launching assaults while increasing surveillance in neighborhoods in recent months. China risks entering into a middle income trap because of its population and this might bring problems because supply of labor in the countryside has been reducing as time goes by. State owned businesses have a lot of clout and this is worrying because of their political and economic influence. China is a rising power and this is undeniable based on its economic success and growth. As much as this is enviable, the country needs to open up to political and social reforms. There is no doubt that its model has been effective based on what the prime minter terms as effective decision making but people should be given space to express themselves. The government has been increasing its spending on domestic security and this confirms their fears. In this case, the middle income group is anxious of this issues and that is why the party is worried that things might go wrong based on uprisings that have been witnessed in the Arab world (The Economist 9). For instance, lawyers, activists and bloggers have been assaulted by the police to discourage any dissent. As much as these leaders might manage to silence the minority, the system is ultimately vulnerable.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The country has disappointed those people who thought that its economic success and prowess will also come with political reforms and enhanced democratic space. Greater political freedom should be encouraged in the country to give it a new sense of direction and relief as much as it is successful economically. There is no doubt that the country’s economic success will be threatened by resurgence that needs to be checked. Political leaders should not be resistant to reforms because the middle class will not be held back for ever (The Economist 7). Peace and prosperity in China will depend on political reforms that will be undertaken in the next coming years. As a matter of fact, the good relationship between the middle class and the ruling party has waned considerably thereby raising concerns. As far as social security is concerned, the country still has a long way to go. Works Cited The Economist. Rising power, anxious state. 2011. Web. https://www.economist.c om/special-report/2011/06/25/rising-power-anxious-state This essay on Rising power, anxious state was written and submitted by user Miley Smith to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Top Ranking U.S. Presidents

Top Ranking U.S. Presidents The head of state and government of the United States of America falls under the auspices of the President who oversees the executive branch of the federal government as well serves as the commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Top Ranking U.S. Presidents specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Although is it widely assumed that the popular vote elects the President, it is the enigmatic electoral colleges that determines/elects the Presidency. During the 20th and 21st century 19 men have assumed this position commencing with Theodore Roosevelt (1901 -1909) to the current/incumbent President, Barack Obama (2009 ). In terms of accomplishments, personality, leadership, and personal appearance I rank the most influential Presidents (in a term, successive manner) as follows: Theordore Roosevelt, Franklin D. Roosevelt, John F. Kennedy, Woodrow Wilson, Harry S. Truman, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Lynd on Johnson, Richard Nixon, James Carter, and Barack Obama. Both Roosevelts and Kennedy are distinguishable because of their exuberant personality which coupled with their leadership ability ranked them as highly influential. Theodore Roosevelt’s robust personality along with his non-political interests a hunter, explorer, writer, soldier, and naturalist accentuated his fame. His leadership technique and policies were governed by a fundamental creed The Big Stick Ideology. In paraphrasing, one will accomplish their objective with soft spoken words but a visible/invisible big stick. With his Square Deal policy, the elder Roosevelt was the first 19th century President to advance/promote American naval military might (The Great White Fleet). Serving two terms consecutively, Franklin D. Rooselvelt (otherwise known as FDR), came to office during a time of great economic upheaval world wide (The Great Depression) as well the World War II. He instituted/launched the New Deal whic h infused and brought about economic recovery via a variety of complex programs (influx of government jobs to combat unemployment) and reforms (regulation of Wall Street, banks, etc.). To date, he is the only American to be elected to the Presidency more than two terms, dying in office at the commencement of his fourth term.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kennedy’s youthful aura and charisma catapulted him into the category of most physically attractive President. During his brief Presidency five major events occurred which would have a national as well international impact, even to this day:  The of Pigs Invasion, the  Cuban Missile Crisis, the construction of the  Berlin Wall, the  Space Race Program, the  African American Civil Rights Movement,  and the early phases of the  Vietnam War. Kennedy exercised/demonstrated decision-making agility and adhere d to a leadership creed that he first and foremost must be accountable and those under his auspices must be accountable to him. He believed that a nation was only as strong as it citizens make it to be and thru various programs (The New Frontier, the Peace Corps, etc.) intended to have a national as well international influence, he was determined to eradicate the four major ills of making tyranny, poverty, disease, and war. Tragically, he is one of four American Presidents to be assonated while in office. Wilson, Truman, Eisenhower, Johnson, Nixon, and Carter are influential because of the various ideologies and policies/programs they launched. Wilson, via his Wilsonian ideology, laid the foundation for American intervention into international via militarism to promote democracy. To this day this contentious philosophy t governs American Foreign Policy. The Truman and Eisenhower administrations laid the foundation for the nuclear weaponry build-up and America being at the forefro nt. Johnson furthered the development of domestic policies/ programs to eliminate poverty and racial discrimination (Great Society, Medicare, Civil Rights Act of 1964, etc.). The initiation of U.S./China diplomatic relations can be accredited to Nixon. Carter’s distinction is the Camp David Accords/The  Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty. Barack Obama’s signature mark is that he is the first African-American to be elected to the office of the Presidency.

Event planning for Asian Market Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Event planning for Asian Market - Research Paper Example In order to promote themselves, several industries, charitable organizations and interests groups have resorted to holding events. This measure is also adopted by those who desire to reinforce business associations, raise money or just celebrate (slideshare, 2013). The Legendary Palace is a Chinese dim sum restaurant. It has the capacity to accommodate 500 members at a time. Prior to become a restaurant, it had been used as a night club, garment factory, book store and rooming house. The Legendary Palace is located in the bay area of California. It was constructed in 1917 and it has become a historical land mark of that place. Hospitality services tend to be intricate. They fulfil social affiliation and self-identity needs, and generate vast opportunities for differentiation. Several products are simple and necessitate performance to a technical norm. As such event management is a novel procedure that requires creativity and innovation.The customer should feel happy and comfortable, during these events. As such, customer satisfaction should be highest priority of event management. In general, there will be no issues for a land mark hotel like the Legendary Palace, with regard to conducting a wedding on a grand scale. However, due to competition, this hotel has to adopt novel practices and procedures to make it a memorable occasion for the Asian customers. This research will identify the problems if any, with the management of a wedding event in the Legendary Palace. Finally recommendations will be provided for the improvement of procedures of the wedding event for Asian customers. I have made a thorough research with regard to the event management of s wedding in a land mark hotel, such as the Legendary Palace. To this end, I perused many books and articles for retrieving the necessary information. I have consulted online libraries for the extant literature on the topic. Moreover, I have

Project Management in IT sector Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words - 1

Project Management in IT sector - Essay Example In summary, I would like to thank all of the people who helped me during the course of my project. It’s very hard to find suitable words to express my sincere thanks to my supervisor, Mr. Daniel Talbort, who gave me a tremendous amount of support and valuable personal direction in the progress of my project. This motivation and advice given at various levels has enabled me to pursue the successful closure of my project. Finally I would also like to thank all my friends and colleagues at Coventry University, who provided me libraries, books, and inspiration, as well as being a significant part behind the success of this project. Kulwinder Kaur ABSTRACT This dissertation is a study of the role of project management in the field of Information Technology. The research analyses the planning and control techniques used by project management teams in enterprise software development. RESEARCH METHODS Project management is a major element of the Information Technology industry interna tionally, with innumerable books, articles and journals articles published on the subject from various authors. The main area covered in this report is Project Management in enterprise software development. Various methods are used in order to build the research and gather conclusions about the research. A variety of sources, including the internet, books, and reference journals, were used to gather information about the topic. Lectures given in the class gave us the critical methodologies and research approaches required to complete this report effectively. Further personal instruction given by the project supervisor, Mr. Daniel Talbot allowed this to happen more easily. The various methods used in order to complete this research included: Library Books Articles available from online sources Data from friends and colleagues Internet Journals Project supervisor guidelines All the above mentioned sources were key ingredients to the research methodology and therefore played a great ro le in the completion of this project. Introduction Over last few decades, there has been an increase in the speed of development of enterprise software products, as well as an increasing demand in business management for quicker and more efficient means to develop software products for market. Product development in any field or business sector requires strong management and organization in order to be successful, and project management represents the collected tradition of these strategies of team organization in software programming. Project Management allows companies to build plans for software products and to have full control over the team organization of the projects. Project Management also helps in the allocation and proper utilization of resources in the enterprise software development process. (Mantel 2010) An enterprise software development project typically follows the four main stages of organization:

''Why We Crave Horror Movies'' by Stephen King Essay

''Why We Crave Horror Movies'' by Stephen King - Essay Example However, the guidelines of social morality and socially acceptable behavior, perpetually prevent us from unleashing these urges. Thus, we constantly strive to find, alternative and somewhat more acceptable ways of venting out our feelings of hostility and aggression; and in this quest of ours, we are magnetically drawn towards horror movies. Our Id -and the primitive lust for violence cherished by it - as the Freudians would remark, is able to achieve instant gratification through viewing the harrowing scenes depicted on the screen. Thus, it can be asserted that our craving for horror movies is in a way, a manifestation of the: anger, frustration and aggression that we experience in relation to the society around us. The following discussion will suffice to substantiate this point. It is a commonly observed fact that there is a disparity between our public and private selves. This dichotomy leads to a monstrously twofold existence. Our public self is governed by inhibitions whereas o ur private self constantly yearns to sever itself from the restraints of the more socially poised self. As opposed to the seemingly placid public self, the private self craves for anarchy and social rebellion. It is note-worthy that within each of us resides a spy or an imposter- forever struggling to remain hidden from the outside world. While viewing a grotesque scene or a horror movie, this imposter overshadows the much civil public self and assumes a dominant role.

Eastman Chemical :: essays research papers

Eastman Chemical Company located in Kingsport, Tennessee is in an industry that produces basic and immediate chemicals, specialty chemicals, agricultural chemicals, petrochemicals, plastics and fibers, and paints and coatings. Eastman also manufactures over 1200 chemicals, fibers and plastics; as well as being the largest supplier of polyester plastics. Currently Eastman employs over 15,000 people in 30 countries with manufacturing sites tactically located in 17 countries, with Asia Pacific Region Office being one of their key offices.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eastman is known in the chemical industry as a world leader in the e-business. They are the first chemical company to provide their customers with e-business, which allowed them to do business in a much easier and efficient manner. Eastman e-business specializes in an online storefront and transactional Customer Centra; Web-enable auctions; alliances and investments in digital business, along with system-to-system ERP connections. The main focus of Eastman’s e-business was:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1. Creating customer-centric solutions   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2. Portfolio of option, along with providing solutions for customers via electronic means   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3. Invest in technologies/capabilities that bring value to customers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4. Be externally focused   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  5. Form partnerships   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6. Build an e-brand, which attract customers, suppliers and technology partners   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7. Leverage its intellectual capital, industry knowledge, network of contacts, credibility, brand and customer base   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  By implementing the e-business, Eastman’s customers were able to view products, check status of orders, access certificates of analysis, material safety data sheets, etc. The only problem Eastman originally saw with the e-business model which they have worked so hard to implement was that only 22 of the companies, which they do business with, are connected. And it’s very important to get all the companies connected into their infrastructure, which will provide all their customers with the seven foundational principles.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Knowing the importance of getting the industry knowledgeable and connected to the e-business, Craig Knight, the Asia Pacific Digital Business and Customer Service Manager of Eastman Asia Division was tasked to sell the Eastman’s philosophy. Knight made a two-week trip to Tokyo, Shanghai, and Malaysia to sell Eastman’s integrated electronic supply chain, known as the Integrated System Solution (ISS), to business partners in the industry. He was able to sell Nagase & Co., Ltd, a company in Japan on the ISS, but they had some concerns regarding the system. Knight truly understood their concerns, and made every effort to ease the process by providing the long-term benefits of the ISS to Nagase & Co., Ltd and other business partners.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to George Eastman, â€Å"business as usual can put you out of business†.

Different causes for leg pain in children

There are many different causes and diagnoses for leg pain in children.   Developmental stage or age groups   many of these causes.   Some, however, can occur at any age.4The numerous causes of leg pain in children include Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, sports injuries, toddler’s fractures, Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis(here forward referred to in the medical jargon of SCFE), and leg length differences. 4 Related article: Identify Circumstances When Children and Young People Might Require Urgent Medical AttentionLegg-Calve-Perthes is also referred to as Legg-Perthes, here forward to be referred to as LCP.   LCP is rare, and in the United States only occurs at the ratio of 1:1200 children under the age of 15.  Ã‚   The developmental stage when LCP becomes clinically evident is between the ages of 3-12 years of age, with 7 yrs being the median age.1   However, other sources site the specified age range as between 4-8 years, which actually is a representation of the median 7 years stated earlier. 3LCP is characterized not just by developmental age, but by sex, familial, and racial factors as well.   Most LCP patients are Caucasian; in addition, most have a parent or close relative who suffered from the disease as well.1   Males are affected 4-5 times more frequently than females, but this is not a sex-linked trait.   A genetic factor is implied, but with no identifiable gene as of yet.1LCP is defined â€Å"as the idiopathic avascular osteonecrosis of the capital femoral epiphysis of the femoral head.† 1What happens in the case of LCP is this:   due to unknown etiology, the head of the femur, which contains the epiphysis and epiphysial plate, becomes necrotic.   Necrosis, meaning dead or dying tissue, in this case means that no further bone growth can occur, owing to the fact that blood supply has been cut off. 3,4Since new bone cells are produced primarily at the epiphysial plate, no bone growth in the affected leg means that, until treated, it will become shorter than the unaffected leg.  Ã‚   Soon afterward, a noticeable limp occurs due to pain and compensation for the self same pain.   Children suffering from LCP may also have pain in the groin, knee, and thigh as well. 1,2,4Necrosis in the femoral head leads to inflammation, thus being the initial cause of pain.   Activity, especially excessive hip-leg activity such as running or ju mping, will irritate the femoral head and increase the pain level.   The pain can be relieved or lessened by rest. 4X-ray films arrive at definitive diagnosis, but doctors suspecting the problem will look for clinical signs that LCP is present.   These clinical signs include difficulty rotating the knee.   If LCP has existed for some time and gone undiagnosed, other clinical signs will be indicative of its presence, such as atrophy of the buttocks, calf, or thigh muscle.1, 2Those afflicted with LCP receive a myriad of treatments. The treatment plan is most likely individualized for each child depending on the severity of pain, atrophy, and gait difficulties.The treatments used most commonly are â€Å"leg exercises, crutches, casts, bracing, and occasionally traction and surgery.   With proper treatment, the bone will grow back and the child will be able to walk normally without pain.† 4Toddler’s fractures can occur quite easily with a simple fall.   Signs to look for are irritability of the child, persistent complaints of pain, and refusal to walk. These should be relied on heavily as a parent’s diagnosis of a problem, for inflammation and redness are minor at the site above the break. 4The bone fractured in these cases is typically the tibia.   The above-mentioned symptoms warrant immediate medical attention and typically reflect that a fracture has occurred if the child is between 2-4 years old. 4Sports injuries can occur at any age of the active child.   When a sports injury has occurred, pain and limping may result due to , i.e., ankle and knee sprains, or muscle strains.   However, if limping persists after a few days of rest, or if the child refuses to bear weight on the leg,   immediate medical attention is warranted. 4Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis, with the medical acronym of SCFE, â€Å"is a common hip disorder in overweight adolescents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚   4  The symptoms resulting from the slipped epiphysis are severe pain occurring in the hip and knee.   This, in turn, results in limited movment of the affected hip, and limping.   Diagnosis is by x-ray. 4Treatments would include pain relief as prescribed by the doctor; a usual program of alternating Tylenol and Ibuprophen might be prescribed.   Included in the treatment plan would be immediate counseling of the family and adolescent on proper diet, and allowable exercise considering the ailment.Sickle Cell Disease(SCD) is the severest form of the sickling syndromes; this is because it is homozygous recessive.   In other words, the child carries both recessive alleles on the chromosome.   In all sickling syndromes, the problem results from the genetic error of the red blood cell design.   In the United States, it is estimated that 1:12 Blacks   are carriers of the sickle cell trait, and 1:65 develop sickle cell anemia.   Though predominantly affecting Blacks in the U.S., other   races are susceptible as well:   peo ple from the Mediterranean, India, Asia-Minor, and the Caribbean.Rather than the normal shape of RBC’s, the genetic disorder causes sickle-shaped cells that do not allow oxygen to attach to the protein heme in an effective manner.   This reduces oxygen available in the blood.5The prognosis for children with SCD is poor, in that death occurs during the middle-aged years.   â€Å"Anemia usually is severe, chronic and hemolytic.† 5  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both acute and chronic exacerbations will occur, the frequency of which is most likely tied to emotional and environmental factors.   These environmental factors include emotional upset, situations that lead to dehydration, change of oxygen tension in the body(by infection, which is common, i.e.,), and weather changes – in particular cold.   Environmental factors that can be eliminated altogether to help reduce the recurrence or severity of attacks are alcohol and tobacco. 5The worst-case scenario, which does occur wi th these patients, is vaso-occlusive episodes. In these episodes, circulation is greatly hampered, resulting in pain concentrated in areas of localized necrotizing bone marrow, i.e., the sternum, ribs, long-bones, spine and pelvis.   The occlusion is from clumped, sickle cells that cannot flow out of the area. 5No specific therapy exists for SCD.   However, depending on the type of crisis, be it the need to lower Hb S during an infarction, too little oxygen and RBC’s, severe dehydration, etc., transfusion is a frequent treatment – usually packed red blood cells are the blood component used. 5â€Å"Transial Synovitis of the hip is a cause of hip pain in children.† 7   Ã‚  The adjective ‘transial’ is used because the condition does not last long – approximately a week.   Symptoms of pain occur in one hip, but pain may also be felt in the medial aspect of the knee and thigh.   The pain occurs in the tissue surrounding the hip, not in t he bones themselves.   7The pain increases with different rates in children; some are in the doctor’s office within 1-3 days of onset, some a few days later as the pain peaks.   The child may have a limp, or have trouble standing and walking by the time he’s seen.   Once again, boys are affected more than girls.   The age range affected is from 3-10 years of age. 7Treatment is bed rest for 3-4 days and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatories for pain relief, reduction of inflammation and swelling.   The child returns to normal after this time period.   If a temperature is present, the doctor may order x-rays and blood tests to rule out other hip conditions.7Leg Length Differences.   The name is self-explanatory.   â€Å"Some children are either born with or develop a difference in the length of the bones in their legs.† 4     Ã‚  No etiology is given for either scenario, and both situations receive the same set of treatment choices.   Diff erences in leg length between 0-2cm require no treatment most of the time, but shoe lifts may be used.   If the length difference is between 5-15cm, surgery to lengthen one leg or to shorten the other is necessary, unless a prosthesis is chosen for the shorter limb. 4In summary, there are many conditions and diseases that add to the suffering and cause of leg pain in children.   The hip disorders and diseases discussed that are accompanied by knee and/or thigh pain, can be misdiagnosed as injuries originating in the knee, other than compensational pain as the symptoms really are.   Though many affect children at different stages of life and bear different severity of diagnosis and prognosis, all are significant.BIBLIOGRAPHYwww.mrsci.com/Orthopedics/Perthes_disease.php, 10/26-27/06www.hopkinsmedicine.org/orthopedicsurgery/perthes.html, 10/26-27/06Hall & Brody:   Therapeutic Exercise:   Moving Toward Function, 2nd Editionc 2005, Lippincott, Williams, and Wilkins.www.keepkids healthy.com/symptoms/legpainlimping.html, 10/26-27/06Phipps, Cassmeyer, Sands, Lehman, Medical-Surgical Nursing,Concepts and Clinical Practice, c 2005, Mosby.Shiel, Jr., William C., MD,www.medicinenet.com/ankylosing_spondylitis/article.html, 10/26-27/06www.familydoctor.org/181.xml, 10/26/06DIFFERENT CAUSES FOR LEG PAIN  IN CHILDREN2006

Health, Person, Environment And Nursing - 861 Words

The four famous metaparadigm are: health, person, environment and nursing. I believe that health is not merely the absence of illness or disease, but rather it encompasses an array of the complex of biological, psychological, social, and spiritual factors, unique to each individual. I support the idea that health is the highest level of functioning person may attain, despite any existing conditions. Moreover, the concept of health is dynamic and changes over time and situations. Health is also maintaining well-being. As a person who experiencing chronic pain and psychological challenges on a daily basis, I define the health as a total absence of pain. When I found my fallen colleague, I had a mixed feeling of confusion, compassion, and powerlessness. Based on my perception of the health concept, I was ready to alleviate her condition (e.g. decrease her pain or remove illness). Thus, I put her in a comfortable position, hoping it would help her. Since I was trained to focus on preserv ing life and eliminating risk factors, I intuitively asked for extra help to transfer Mrs. A. to emergency department immediately. Person Each person is an unique human being who has feelings, thoughts, emotions, and mentality. Person may feel different emotions such as happiness, antipathy, anger, and so on. On physiological level a person may experience variety of feelings such as pain, pleasure, passion, and weakness. On one hand, Mrs. A. experienced stress, sadness, hopelessness, and,Show MoreRelatedNursing: Providing The Best Possible Care For Patients1457 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Nursing Philosophy Nursing has developed from its original roots, to become a personal philosophy to those who practice it. This paper describes my personal philosophy of nursing that I plan to practice in my own personal career. 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